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68 frameworks
Jobs to be Done (JTBD)
Focus on the job customers are trying to get done and the problem behind it (e.g., the milkshake example), to center product decisions on customer needs.
ICE Framework
Prioritize ideas by scoring impact, confidence, and ease or effort to decide what to do first.
RICE Framework
Prioritize by reach, impact, confidence, and effort to rank ideas.
North Star Metric
Metric that captures the value created for users; paired with a top business KPI to align teams and guide decisions.
Growth Loops
Self reinforcing loops where usage or sharing brings in new users, like public templates that get copied.
Kano Model
Frame features as differentiation vs table stakes in what drives adoption.
Lean Startup
Entrepreneurship approach that treats startups as experiments, using MVPs, learning, and pivots to find what works.
GIST Framework
Goals, Ideas, Steps, Tasks: break change into layers; ideas are hypotheses, steps validate, tasks are delivery work.
MOO Framework
Most Obvious Objection: anticipate likely objections before you share an idea so you are not blindsided.
LNO Framework
Classifies work into L, N, and O tasks and pushes you to spend more time on the high leverage L tasks.
PSHE Framework
Problem, Solution, How, Execution: evaluate product talent by how much of the problem space they can own.
PMwheel
PM skills assessment used to guide coaching and hiring; includes PM process plus team, personal growth, and agile buckets.
Opportunity Solution Tree
Visual scaffold for moving from outcomes to opportunities and solutions; adds structure to deciding what to build.
Product-Market Fit / Sean Ellis Test
Survey question on how disappointed users would be without the product; 40%+ very disappointed is a leading PMF indicator.
Product-Market Fit
Creating value so customers return; retention is the key metric and the longest early phase for startups.
Unit Economics (LTV/CAC)
Compare customer lifetime value to acquisition cost and payback to judge growth efficiency.
Four Ps (Persona/Problem/Promise/Product)
Persona, Problem, Promise, Product must line up; the product delivers a promise that solves the persona's problem, useful in pivots.
MECE Framework
Mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive breakdowns to cover all possibilities when analyzing a problem.
SWAT Team
Pull a team out of the main org to focus on a critical initiative or emergency, then return once solved.
Ikigai
Intersection of what you love, what you are good at, what the world needs, and what you can be paid for; a career purpose lens.
VRIO Framework
Strategy analysis model referenced as VRIO or VRIN for evaluating capabilities and where to play.
STAR Method
Interview method that walks through situation, task, action, and result to understand how someone delivered outcomes.
Magic Number
Efficiency metric: new ARR in a period divided by CAC spend in that period; 0.5 to 0.75 cited as an early benchmark.
Burn Multiple
Capital efficiency metric mentioned alongside gross margin and NRR; not the focus at early stages.
Continuous Discovery Habits
Teresa Torres' approach and book on ongoing product discovery, referenced as a core resource.
Four Forces (JTBD)
Jobs to be done switching forces: attraction of the new solution vs reasons not to adopt, plus habits and anxieties.
Product Trio
Well functioning product trio collaboration; described as rare but powerful on strong teams.
DACI
Roles framework for cross team work: Driver, Accountable, Contributor, Informed.
Three W's
PM career framework: what you produce, what you bring, and your operating model.
Confidence Meter
Tool to gauge how strong the evidence is behind an idea so teams calibrate confidence.
Switch Log / Switch Lock
Log each task switch (e.g., via Slack) to capture your real work trail and reduce calendar driven switching.
Job Selection Framework
Write down the values and criteria you care about in a job, then use that framework to filter opportunities.
Bow and Arrow
Speaking method: define the one sentence you want remembered (arrow) and add supporting story or data (bow) to give it weight.
Habit Loop
Retention framework focused on trigger, action, and reward; use it to close the loop after user actions.
Flash Tags
Feedback calibration tags (FYI, suggestion, recommendation, plea) to signal how strongly to act on input.
Chess Points
Every release is a move against competitors, earning or losing points in the customer's mind.
Metrics Tree
Break a top metric into component drivers to understand what moves it; referenced as an evidence guided tool.
J-Curve vs Stairs
Career growth lens: steady stair step promotions vs a J curve where you jump into a new role, dip, then climb higher.
Race Car Framework
Race car growth framework referenced as a growth model for consumer strategy.
Adjacent User Theory
Grow by serving users just outside your core ICP and optimizing their experience without expanding PMF.
Shape Up
Alternative to Scrum or Agile: shape the work up front, run fixed time boxes with variable scope, and let builders define tasks.
Systems Thinking
Model systems with stocks, flows, and feedback to understand dynamics, while keeping models grounded in reality.
10 Things You Should Know
Template for stakeholders to bring the top 10 problems or facts, forcing a concise ranked view.
SEO Forecasting
Bottoms up SEO forecast based on keyword opportunities to set expectations for a market or launch.
Homework for Life
Daily habit of capturing one story worthy moment to build a personal story inventory.
Strategy Not Self-Expression
Feedback approach: focus on what the other person needs to hear to succeed, not on venting.
Signposting
Use explicit words and structure (for example, because, first, second, third) to guide readers and listeners.
Product Quality Review (PQR)
Cross functional calibration meeting after walkthroughs where teams review scorecard ratings and discuss quality.
Quality Scorecard
Quality rubric updated on a cadence and tracked in a dashboard to see trends over time.
Customer Journey Score
Customer journey map centered on the customer, including emotional journey and touchpoints, used to define milestones and KPIs.
NRR (Net Revenue Retention)
Net revenue retention metric; target at least 100% at the stage discussed.
Media Mix Modeling
Channel mix analysis used to guide budget allocation, making a comeback as tracking gets harder and offline spend rises.
Pre-mortem
Before a project starts, imagine it failed and work backwards to list what went wrong.
PRFAQ
Working Backwards artifact: write a press release and FAQ to clarify customer needs and what to build.
Working Backwards
Start with customer problems, then work backwards to a solution; operationalized at Amazon via PR/FAQ.
Dory/Pulse
Meeting rituals: Pulse collects written opinions before revealing; Dory gathers and votes on questions to prioritize discussion.
Accordion Method
Speaking practice where you compress and expand a talk (30s, 1m, 2m, 3m, etc.) to internalize and adapt it.
Lighthouse Users
Program to work deeply with a small set of users (10, then 100, then 1000) to validate value before scaling and keep a direct feedback loop.
Eigenquestions
Find the question that, when answered, resolves the most other questions; practice identifying it first.
Input Metrics
Metrics for controllable inputs that drive customer experience (selection, speed, prices), used to focus improvement over outputs.
Design Sprint
Five day sprint to prototype and test a concept quickly with a small group.
Double Diamond
Go broad then narrow on customer, problem, and solution; a divergence and convergence process for product thinking.
Three Horizons
Portfolio framing: H1 core business (~70%), H2 adjacent (20%) over 12 to 36 months, H3 long term bets (10%) over 3 to 5 years.
70/20/10 Model
Allocate about 70% to core work, 20% to strategic adjacencies, and 10% to bets.
MoSCoW Prioritization
Prioritization method referenced alongside ICE and RICE; impact definition matters more than the method.
Pareto / 80/20 Rule
Often one tactic drives most results; focus on the few things that create the majority of impact.
Eisenhower Matrix
Four D quadrants for tasks: do, defer, delegate, delete.
Agile
Common way of working referenced alongside Scrum and SAFe as the default iterative approach.